Shashank Mishra gonda

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-:Body cavity or Coelom:- The body of Nereis is transverse section looks like a tube within a tube . The wall of the outer large tube is body wall and the wall of the inner small tube is the gut wall . In between the two walls,lies a spacious cavity called coelom or body cavity , which is filled up with afluid . The coelom is thus lined externally by parietal epithelium and internally by visceral or splanchnic epithelium . The coelom is devided into compartments by transverse partitions,called septa . The wall of each septum is perforated through which coelomic fluid communicates from one chamber to the other. Coelom of Nereis is schizocoelic and filled with coelomic fluid having amoeboid corpuscles . It act as hydrostatic skeleton and help in transportation of digested food,gasses and waste materials . -:Locomotion:- In Nereis Locomotion takes place by parapodia, musculature and coelomic fluid . Nereis shows three types of locomotion - Slow creeping :- This ty...

-:Body wall of Nereis:- The body wall is divisible into - (a) Cuticle.               (b) Epidermis. (c) Muscles layers. (d) epidermis.  (a)Cuticle:- It is thin, slightly brittle and chitinous,non cellular. A number of minute openings are present on the cuticle through which the epidermal gland open to the exterior. (b) Epidermis:- This is formed by a single layer of cells. It is more thick on the ventral side specially near the parapod i al joints. The dorsal side of the epidermis is richly supplied with blood vessels. Numbers of 'twisted' unicellular glands are present specially on the ventral side. (c) Muscle layers:- The outer muscular layer is circularly arranged and the inner layer runs longitudinally. The longitudinal muscles are present in four bundles - two  are dorso-lateral the remaining two are ventro-lateral . The circular muscle of dorsal and ventral sides are interconnected ...

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-:Parapodium:- All the segments excepting the first and the last segments bear on either lateral side a fleshy,flat and hollow parapodium . Largest parapodia are encountered in the middle segments of the body,then the size of the Parapodia decreases towards the two ends. Each parapodium is biramous in nature. It consists of a basal part and two distal parts- >Dorsally placed notopodium*. >Ventrally placed neuropodium*. Both these parts are sub-divided into lobes and both of them carry pack of needle-like structures, called setae which project beyond the lobes.  Cirrus (Pl.cirri):-               The dorsal and ventral sides of the parapodium bear small, tentacle-like, cylindrical appendages, called dorsal and ventral cirrus respectively. The ventral cirrus situated ventral to the neuropodium,is smaller than the dorsal cirrus situated dorsally on the notopodium. Setae:-    ...

-:Nereis:- Or -:Neanthes:- (Clam warm ) Systematic position :- Phylum-.  Annelida Class-       Polychaeeta Order-.           Errantia Family-.         Nereidae Genus-.     Nereis Species-.         Virens Distribution :-               Nereis is cosmopolitan* in distribution. It is found abundantly in Europ, North America etc. -:External Structures:- i.Shape:-         Body is elongated, slender Bilaterally symmetrical and slightly flattened* ii.Size:-             Length is varries from few to 40 cm or more. iii.Colour:-              The colouration is varies from species to species...

प्रकृति का नियम :-  जब आप सु धर जाते हैं तभी आप के कांड बाहर आते हैं 🤣🤣😂😅

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Class IVth Archiannelida >Exclusively marine forms . > Body elongated and worm-like. > Setae and Parapodia are usually absent. > Prostomium bears two or three tentacles. > Larva is typical trochophore. e.g.Polygordius,Protodrillus,Nerilla,Saccocirrus

Class lllrd Hirudinea Hirudiy=a leech ) * >Mostly ectoparasitic and freshwater forms, while few are marine feeding upon fishes and other animals. >Body is elongated usually flattened dorsoventrally or cylindrical. >Body consist of definite number of segments each segment breaks up into 2 to 4 rings or annuli. >Parapodia and setae are absent. >Body is provided with an anterior and a posterior sucker, both situated ventrally . >Mouth opens on the ventral surface in the anterior sucker, while anus opens dorsal to the posterior sucker. >Hermaphrodite. >Asexual reproduction is not known. >Eggs are usually laid in cocoons* >Development is direct without free swimming larval stage. Class Hirudinea include three orders:- Order i.Acanthobdelid :- e.g. Acanthobdeilida Order ii.Rhynchobdellida:- e.g. pontobdella,Glossiphonia,Branchellion,piscicola. Order iii. Gnathobdellida:- Hirudo,Haemopis,Hirudinaria,Herpobdella.* *जोंक * Repr...

Class llnd. Oligochaeta Oligos=few,Chaeta=setae > Mostly terrestrial or some or some freshwater forms. >Body with conspicuous external and internal segmentation. >Distinct* head eyes and tentacles are absent. >Parapodia are absent*. >Setae are usually arranged segmentally. >Clitellum is usually present. >Phayrynx is not eversible without jaws*. >Hermaphrodite. >Development is directe and takes place within cocoons secreted by clitellum. Class Oligochaeta include two orders Order i.Archioligochaeta:-e.g. Tubifex,Aelosoma Order ii.Neo-oligochaeta:-e.g.Pheritima*,Eutypheus,Megaaacolex,Lumbricus. *Clear *Most important thing *झाबा *केंचुआ This all about the class llnd thanks for visiting my blog  if you want give me any suggestions please message me on my email or comments please And i am just comming with my new blog within some moments

-:Classification :- Phylum Annelida includes  four classes :- 1.Polychaeta 2.Oligocheta 3.Herudinea 4.Archiannelida Class lst:- Polychaeta:-. Poly- many   chaeta-bristles. >Polychaeta are marine and carnivorous -(मांसाहारी). > Body is elongated and segmented. >Head consists of prostomium and peristomium and bears eyes, tentacles,cirri and palps,etc. >Setae are numerous -(असंख्य)and are borne up on lateral* prominences* of the body wall known as Parapodia >Clitellum absent. >Cirri or branchia or both may be present forrespiration. >Coelom is spacious usually divided by inter-segmental septa. >Excretory organs are segmentally paired nephridia >Sexes are separate, fertilisation external,free swimming larval stage trochophore. > Asexual reproduction by lateral budding Class polychaeta include two orders:- Order i.:- Errantia: - e.g. Neris, Aphrodite,Glycera,Polynoe,Syllis. Order ii.:- Sedentaria:- e.g. Chaetopteru...

Zoology paper IInd  Phylum-- Annelida The name Annelida was first of all used by Lamarck in 1809 for the higher segmented worms(केंचुआ). General --characteristic Body Triploblastic , Bilaterally symmetrical , Elongated and Vermiform. :- Body metamericaly segmented ; externally by transverse grooves and internally by septa into a number of divisions; each division is called a segment metamere or somite Organ-system  grade of body organisation. :- Outer covering of the body is cuticle secreted by the underlying epidermis. :- Body wall is contractile consisting of an outer epidermis circular and longitudinal muscles . :- Appendages when present are un-jointed : - Locomotory organs are segmentally arranged paired setae or Chaetae in most of the case. :- Presence of a true schizocoelous coelom usually divided into a large number of compartments by inner-segmental septa. :- Alimentary canal is tube like complete extending from mouth to anus . :- Res...